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A lush highland region north of Transvaal, northeast of the Kalahari, west of Mozambique, and south of the Zambezi River; an early center of civilization for this region.
Ruler Name | Start Year | End Year | Notes | Dynasty | Kingdom |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
To Leopard's Kopje | c. 900 | c. 1075 | Zimbabwe | ||
To Kingdom of Mapungubwe | c. 1075 | c. 1220 | Zimbabwe | ||
To Kingdom of Zimbabwe | c. 1220 | c. 1450 | Split into two kingdoms, Butua and Mutapa. | Zimbabwe | |
To Kingdom of Mutapa | c. 1430 | 1760 | Zimbabwe | ||
Nyatsimba Mutota | c. 1430 | c. 1450 | Munhumutapa | Zimbabwe | |
Matope Nyanhehwe Nebedza | c. 1450 | c. 1480 | Munhumutapa | Zimbabwe | |
Mavura Maobwe | 1480 | 1480 | Munhumutapa | Zimbabwe | |
Nyahuma Mukombero | 1480 | 1490 | Munhumutapa | Zimbabwe | |
Changamire | 1490 | 1494 | Munhumutapa | Zimbabwe | |
Chikuyo Chisamarengu (Kakuyo Komunyaka) | 1494 | c. 1530 | Munhumutapa | Zimbabwe | |
Neshangwe Munembire | c. 1530 | c. 1550 | Munhumutapa | Zimbabwe | |
Chivere Nyasoro | c. 1550 | c. 1560 | Munhumutapa | Zimbabwe | |
Negomo Chirisamhuru Mupuzangutu | c. 1560 | 1589 | Munhumutapa | Zimbabwe | |
Gatsi Rusere | 1589 | 1623 | Munhumutapa | Zimbabwe | |
Nyambo Kapararidze | 1623 | 1629 | Munhumutapa | Zimbabwe | |
To Portugal | 1629 | 1690 | Zimbabwe | ||
Mavura Mhande Felipe | 1629 | 1652 | Munhumutapa | Zimbabwe | |
Siri Kazurukamusapa | 1652 | 1663 | Munhumutapa | Zimbabwe | |
To Rozvi Empire | 1690 | 1694 | Rozvi took over Butua in 1683. | Zimbabwe | |
Kamharapasu Mukombwe | 1663 | 1692 | Munhumutapa | Zimbabwe | |
Nyakambira | 1692 | 1694 | Munhumutapa | Zimbabwe | |
To Portugal | 1694 | 1712 | Zimbabwe | ||
Nyamaende Mhande | 1694 | 1707 | Munhumutapa | Zimbabwe | |
Nyenyedzi Zenda | 1707 | 1711 | Munhumutapa | Zimbabwe | |
Baroma Mugwagwa | 1711 | 1712 | Munhumutapa | Zimbabwe | |
To Rozvi Empire | 1712 | 1720 | Zimbabwe | ||
Samatambira Nyamhandu I | 1712 | 1735 | Munhumutapa | Zimbabwe | |
To Independance | 1720 | 1760 | Zimbabwe | ||
Nyatsusu | 1735 | 1740 | Munhumutapa | Zimbabwe | |
Dehwe Mapunzagutu | 1740 | 1759 | Munhumutapa | Zimbabwe | |
To Rozvi Empire | 1760 | 1857 | Zimbabwe | ||
To Kingdom of Butua | c. 1430 | 1683 | Zimbabwe | ||
Unknown | c. 1430 | c. 1480 | Zimbabwe | ||
Changamire I | c. 1480 | 1494 | Zimbabwe | ||
Changamire II | 1494 | 1530 | Zimbabwe | ||
Changamire Tumbare | 1530 | c. 1560 | Zimbabwe | ||
Unknown | c. 1560 | c. 1660 | Zimbabwe | ||
Changamire Dombo | c. 1660 | 1695 | Zimbabwe | ||
To Rozvi Empire | 1683 | 1866 | Zimbabwe | ||
Changamire Zharare | 1695 | c. 1700 | Zimbabwe | ||
Changamire Negamo | c. 1700 | 1710 | Zimbabwe | ||
Changamire Chirisamuru I | 1710 | 1788 | Zimbabwe | ||
Changamire Dhafa | 1788 | 1824 | Zimbabwe | ||
Changamire Baswi | 1825 | 1828 | Zimbabwe | ||
Changamire Chirisamuru II | 1828 | 1831 | Zimbabwe | ||
Changamire Tohwechipi Zharare | 1831 | 1866 | Zimbabwe | ||
To British South African Company | 1857 | 1895 | Zimbabwe | ||
To Mthwakazi Kingdom | 1821 | 1894 | A small kingdom set up by a Bantu adventurer. | Zimbabwe | |
Mzilikazi | 1821 | 1868 | Zimbabwe | ||
Disputed | 1868 | 1870 | Zimbabwe | ||
Lobengula | 1870 | 1894 | Zimbabwe | ||
To British South African Company | 1888 | 1895 | Zimbabwe | ||
To Colony of Rhodesia | 1895 | 1923 | Zimbabwe | ||
To Great Britain | 1923 | 1953 | Zimbabwe | ||
Sir John Robert Chancellor | 1923 | 1928 | Zimbabwe | ||
Sir Murray Bisset | 1928 | 1928 | Acting. | Zimbabwe | |
Sir Cecil Hunter-Rodwell | 1928 | 1934 | Zimbabwe | ||
Sir Alexander Fraser Russell | 1934 | 1935 | Acting. | Zimbabwe | |
Sir Herbet James Stanley | 1935 | 1942 | Zimbabwe | ||
Sir Alexander Fraser Russell | r. 1942 | 1942 | Acting. | Zimbabwe | |
Sir Evelyn Baring | 1942 | 1944 | Zimbabwe | ||
Sir Robert James Hudson | 1944 | 1945 | Acting. | Zimbabwe | |
Sir William Eric Campbell Tait | 1945 | 1946 | Zimbabwe | ||
Sir Alexander Fraser Russell | rr. 1946 | 1946 | Acting. | Zimbabwe | |
Sir Robert James Hudson | r. 1946 | 1947 | Acting. | Zimbabwe | |
Sir John Noble Kennedy | 1947 | 1953 | Zimbabwe | ||
To Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland | 1953 | 1964 | Zimbabwe | ||
Sir Robert Clarkson Tredgold | 1953 | 1954 | Acting. | Zimbabwe | |
Sir Peveril Barton Reiby Wallop William-Powlett | 1954 | 1959 | Zimbabwe | ||
Sir Humphrey Vicary Gibbs | 1959 | 1969 | Zimbabwe | ||
To Great Britain | 1964 | 1970 | Zimbabwe | ||
To Republic of Rhodesia | 1970 | 1979 | Zimbabwe | ||
Clifford Dupont | 1970 | 1975 | Zimbabwe | ||
Henry Everard | 1975 | 1976 | Acting. | Zimbabwe | |
John Wrathall | 1976 | 1978 | Zimbabwe | ||
Henry Everard | r. 1978 | 1978 | Acting. | Zimbabwe | |
Jack Pithey | 1978 | 1979 | Acting. | Zimbabwe | |
Henry Everard | rr. 1979 | 1979 | Acting. | Zimbabwe | |
To Great Britain | 1979 | 1980 | Zimbabwe | ||
Arthur Christopher John Soames, Baron Soames | 1979 | 1980 | Zimbabwe | ||
To Republic of Zimbabwe | 1980 | Present | Zimbabwe | ||
Canaan Banana | 1980 | 1987 | Zimbabwe | ||
Robert Mugabe | 1987 | 2017 | Zimbabwe | ||
Phelekezela Mphoko | 2017 | 2017 | Acting. | Zimbabwe | |
Emmerson Mnangagwa | 2017 | Present | Zimbabwe |
Footnotes |
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