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A Bantu people (with some Bushman influences) who dwelt originally in the Cape Province of South Africa, they migrated into eastern South Africa as a result of conflict with the Vortrekkers. Nelson Mandela was a Xhosa.
Ruler Name | Start Year | End Year | Notes | Dynasty | Kingdom |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ntu | ? | ? | Xhosa | ||
Mnguni kaNtu | ? | ? | Xhosa | ||
Xhosa kaMnguni | ? | ? | Xhosa | ||
Malangana kaXhosa | ? | ? | Xhosa | ||
Ngcwangube kaMalangana | ? | ? | Xhosa | ||
Nkosiyane kaNgcwangube | ? | ? | Xhosa | ||
Nkosiyamntu kaNkosiyane | ? | ? | Xhosa | ||
Tshawe kaNkosiyamntu | fl. c. 1550 | ? | Xhosa | ||
Ngcwangu kaTshawe | c. 1550 | c. 1580 | Xhosa | ||
Sikhomo kaNgcwangu | c. 1580 | c. 1610 | Xhosa | ||
Togu kaSikhomo | c. 1610 | 1640 | Xhosa | ||
Ngconde kaTogu | 1640 | 1670 | Xhosa | ||
Tshiwo kaNgconde | 1670 | 1702 | Xhosa | ||
Phalo kaTshiwo | 1702 | 1773 | Family line split here. Gcaleka house had jurisdiction from Mbhashe to Kei rivers and Rharhabe house from Kei river to beyond the Fish river. | Xhosa | |
Gcaleka kaPhalo | 1775 | 1792 | Gcaleka | Xhosa | |
Khawuta kaGcaleka | 1792 | 1804 | Gcaleka | Xhosa | |
Nqoko | 1804 | 1820 | Regent. | Gcaleka | Xhosa |
Hintsa kaKhawuta | 1820 | 1835 | Most respected king in Xhosa history. | Gcaleka | Xhosa |
Sarhili kaHintsa | 1835 | 1893 | Gcaleka | Xhosa | |
To Great Britain | 1848 | 1910 | Via Cape Colony. | Gcaleka | Xhosa |
Sigcawu kaSarhili | 1893 | 1902 | Gcaleka | Xhosa | |
Gwebinkumbi kaSigacwu | 1902 | 1921 | Gcaleka | Xhosa | |
To South Africa | 1910 | 1948 | Xhosa | ||
Daliza Sigcawu | 1921 | 1923 | Regent. | Gcaleka | Xhosa |
Ngangomhlaba kaGwebinkumbi | 1923 | 1933 | Gcaleka | Xhosa | |
Zwelidumile kaGwebinkumbi | 1933 | 1965 | Gcaleka | Xhosa | |
To Republic of Transkei | 1948 | 1994 | Administered by South Africa. | Xhosa | |
Xolilizwe kaGwebinkumbi | 1965 | 2005 | Gcaleka | Xhosa | |
To South Africa | 1994 | Present | Xhosa | ||
Zwelonke kaXolilizwe | 2006 | 2019 | Gcaleka | Xhosa | |
Dumehleli Nongudle Mapasa | 2019 | 2020 | Regent. | Gcaleka | Xhosa |
Ahlangene kaXolilizwe | 2020 | Present | Gcaleka | Xhosa | |
Rarabe kaPhalo | 1773 | 1787 | Rharhabe | Xhosa | |
Ndlambe kaRarabe | 1787 | 1797 | Regent | Rharhabe | Xhosa |
Ngqika kaMlawu | 1797 | 1829 | Grandson of Rarabe, his father Mlawu preceded Rarabe in death. | Rharhabe | Xhosa |
Maqoma | 1829 | 1840 | Regent | Rharhabe | Xhosa |
To Great Britain | 1835 | 1847 | Via Cape Colony. | Rharhabe | Xhosa |
Mgolombane Sandile | 1840 | 1878 | Rharhabe | Xhosa | |
To Colony of British Kaffraria | 1847 | 1866 | Rharhabe | Xhosa | |
To Great Britain | 1866 | 1910 | Via Cape Colony. | Rharhabe | Xhosa |
Edmund Gonya Sandile | 1878 | 1932 | Rharhabe | Xhosa | |
To South Africa | 1910 | 1981 | Rharhabe | Xhosa | |
Faku Sandile | 1932 | 1954 | Rharhabe | Xhosa | |
Archie Velile Sandile | 1954 | 1965 | Rharhabe | Xhosa | |
Mxolisi Bazindlovu Sandile | 1965 | 1985 | Rharhabe | Xhosa | |
To Republic of Ciskei | 1981 | 1994 | Adminstrated by South Africa. | Rharhabe | Xhosa |
Nolizwe Sandile | 1985 | 1991 | Female; Regent. | Rharhabe | Xhosa |
Maxhoba Zanesizwe Sandile | 1991 | 2011 | Rharhabe | Xhosa | |
To South Africa | 1994 | Present | Rharhabe | Xhosa | |
Noloyiso Sandile | 2011 | 2020 | Female; Regent. | Rharhabe | Xhosa |
Jonguxolo Sandile | 2020 | Present | Rharhabe | Xhosa |
Footnotes |
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