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An ancient district in extreme western Sudan, between Kordofan and Wadai. There has been a shadowy state, or series of states, of some sorts here since at least 2500 BCE, and a recognizable link exists to one degree or another between the early indigeneous people of Darfur and the people of pre-dynastic Egypt. The communities formed from early times one leg of triangular trade routes between Pharaonic Egypt on the one hand and Napata/Meroë on the other, and it has been suggested that surviving elements of the Kingdom of Cush may have set up a dynasty here after that state fell in c. 350 CE.
Ruler Name | Start Year | End Year | Notes | Dynasty | Kingdom |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Traditional Ancient Rulers | c. 2500 BCE | c. 350 CE | Darfur | ||
Possibly Kushite Dynasty | c. 350 | c. 900 | Kushite Dynasty | Darfur | |
Toga Dynasty? | c. 900 | c. 1100 | Possibly Mythological, but architecture shows that something did exist before Daju. | Toga Dynasty | Darfur |
Daju Dynasty | c. 1100 | c. 1400 | Daju Dynasty | Darfur | |
Tunjur Dynasty | c. 1400 | c. 1600 | Tunjur Dynasty | Darfur | |
Ahmad the Hamstrung | 1448 | 1472 | Tunjur Dynasty | Darfur | |
Rifaya | 1472 | 1491 | Tunjur Dynasty | Darfur | |
Shaurd | 1491 | 1507 | Tunjur Dynasty | Darfur | |
Ibrahim al-Dalil | 1507 | 1559 | Tunjur Dynasty | Darfur | |
Sabun | 1559 | 1579 | Tunjur Dynasty | Darfur | |
Idris Jal | 1579 | 1591 | Tunjur Dynasty | Darfur | |
Kur | 1591 | 1592 | Tunjur Dynasty | Darfur | |
Sultanate of Darfur | 1603 | 1874 | See Footnotes 1 | Darfur | |
Suleiman Solong | 1603 | 1637 | Darfur | ||
Musa ibn Suleiman | 1637 | 1682 | Darfur | ||
Ahmad Bakr ibn Musa | 1682 | 1722 | Darfur | ||
Muhammad I Dawra | 1722 | 1732 | Darfur | ||
Umar Lele | 1732 | 1739 | Darfur | ||
Abu'l Qasim | 1739 | 1756 | Darfur | ||
Muhammad II Tairab | 1756 | 1787 | Darfur | ||
Abdarrahman ar-Rashid | 1787 | 1801 | Darfur | ||
Muhammad III al-Fadhl | 1801 | 1839 | Darfur | ||
Muhammad IV Hussain | 1839 | 1873 | Darfur | ||
Ibrahim | 1873 | 1874 | Darfur | ||
To Egypt | 1874 | 1883 | Darfur | ||
Hassan Bey Hilmi | 1874 | 1881 | Governor. | Darfur | |
Rudolph Karl Slatin | 1881 | 1883 | Governor. | Darfur | |
To Dominion of Mahdi | r. 1883 | 1898 | Darfur | ||
Ali Dinar ibn Zakariyya | 1898 | 1916 | Return of Sultanate. | Darfur | |
To Sudan | 1916 | Present | Darfur |
Footnotes |
|---|
1. Bruce's notes indicate Muslim warlords of the Kayra dynasty appear around 1440s, however Wikipedia indicates that the Tunjur Dynasty was ruling at that time and that the Sultanate of Darfur followed. His dates do not match initially with other sources, and I am unsure what Bruce's sources are, so I have followed Wikipedia here with dates. He has the following names listed between Kur and Suleiman: Tindhim, 1592-1611; Sulbuta, 1611-1621; Abd ar-Rahman Sarraf, 1621-1653; Rum Sam, 1653-1684; and Wala Tuma, 1684-1688. |
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