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An ancient district in extreme western Sudan, between Kordofan and Wadai. There has been a shadowy state, or series of states, of some sorts here since at least 2500 BCE, and a recognizable link exists to one degree or another between the early indigeneous people of Darfur and the people of pre-dynastic Egypt. The communities formed from early times one leg of triangular trade routes between Pharaonic Egypt on the one hand and Napata/Meroë on the other, and it has been suggested that surviving elements of the Kingdom of Cush may have set up a dynasty here after that state fell in c. 350 CE.

Ruler Name
Start Year
End Year
Notes
Dynasty
Kingdom
Traditional Ancient Rulers
c. 2500 BCE
c. 350 CE
Darfur
Possibly Kushite Dynasty
c. 350
c. 900
Kushite Dynasty
Darfur
Toga Dynasty?
c. 900
c. 1100
Possibly Mythological, but architecture shows that something did exist before Daju.
Toga Dynasty
Darfur
Daju Dynasty
c. 1100
c. 1400
Daju Dynasty
Darfur
Tunjur Dynasty
c. 1400
c. 1600
Tunjur Dynasty
Darfur
Ahmad the Hamstrung
1448
1472
Tunjur Dynasty
Darfur
Rifaya
1472
1491
Tunjur Dynasty
Darfur
Shaurd
1491
1507
Tunjur Dynasty
Darfur
Ibrahim al-Dalil
1507
1559
Tunjur Dynasty
Darfur
Sabun
1559
1579
Tunjur Dynasty
Darfur
Idris Jal
1579
1591
Tunjur Dynasty
Darfur
Kur
1591
1592
Tunjur Dynasty
Darfur
Sultanate of Darfur
1603
1874
See Footnotes 1
Darfur
Suleiman Solong
1603
1637
Darfur
Musa ibn Suleiman
1637
1682
Darfur
Ahmad Bakr ibn Musa
1682
1722
Darfur
Muhammad I Dawra
1722
1732
Darfur
Umar Lele
1732
1739
Darfur
Abu'l Qasim
1739
1756
Darfur
Muhammad II Tairab
1756
1787
Darfur
Abdarrahman ar-Rashid
1787
1801
Darfur
Muhammad III al-Fadhl
1801
1839
Darfur
Muhammad IV Hussain
1839
1873
Darfur
Ibrahim
1873
1874
Darfur
To Egypt
1874
1883
Darfur
Hassan Bey Hilmi
1874
1881
Governor.
Darfur
Rudolph Karl Slatin
1881
1883
Governor.
Darfur
To Dominion of Mahdi
r. 1883
1898
Darfur
Ali Dinar ibn Zakariyya
1898
1916
Return of Sultanate.
Darfur
To Sudan
1916
Present
Darfur
Footnotes
1. Bruce's notes indicate Muslim warlords of the Kayra dynasty appear around 1440s, however Wikipedia indicates that the Tunjur Dynasty was ruling at that time and that the Sultanate of Darfur followed. His dates do not match initially with other sources, and I am unsure what Bruce's sources are, so I have followed Wikipedia here with dates. He has the following names listed between Kur and Suleiman: Tindhim, 1592-1611; Sulbuta, 1611-1621; Abd ar-Rahman Sarraf, 1621-1653; Rum Sam, 1653-1684; and Wala Tuma, 1684-1688.

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