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In the interior, along the Great Rift Valley, between Congo and Tanzania. The region has been inhabited for centuries by two distinct tribal groups, the Tutsi (sometimes called Watusi), a Nilotic people who had formed an aristocratic warrior-caste in the region, and the Hutu, a Bantu people who were primarily agrarian peasantry. See also, Rwanda.
Ruler Name | Start Year | End Year | Notes | Dynasty | Kingdom |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ntare Rushatsi | c. 1530 | c. 1550 | Burundi | ||
Mwezi I Baridamunka | c. 1550 | c. 1580 | Burundi | ||
Mutaga I Mutabazi | c. 1580 | c. 1600 | Burundi | ||
Mwambutsa I Nkomati | c. 1600 | c. 1620 | Burundi | ||
Ntare II Kibogora | c. 1620 | c. 1650 | Burundi | ||
Mwezi II Nyaburunga | c. 1650 | c. 1680 | Burundi | ||
Mutaga II Senyamwiza Mutamo | c. 1680 | c. 1700 | Burundi | ||
Mwambutsa II Nyarushamba | c. 1700 | c. 1720 | Burundi | ||
Ntare III Kivimira Semuganzashamba | c. 1720 | c. 1750 | Burundi | ||
Mwezi III Kavuyimbo (Ndagushimiye) | c. 1750 | c. 1780 | Burundi | ||
Mutaga III Sebitungwa (Senyamwiza) | c. 1780 | c. 1800 | Burundi | ||
Mwambutsa III Mbonyuburundi (Mbariza) | c. 1800 | c. 1830 | Burundi | ||
Ntare IV Runzi (Rutaganzwa Rugamba) | c. 1830 | 1852 | Burundi | ||
To Germany | 1890 | 1916 | Burundi | ||
Mwezi IV Gisabo Bikata-Bijoga | 1852 | 1908 | Opposed by Macoonco and Cyilima. | Burundi | |
Macoonco | 1903 | 1905 | Opposed by Mwezi IV and Cyilima. | Burundi | |
Cyilima | 1903 | 1906 | Opposed by Mwezi IV and Macoonco. | Burundi | |
Mutaga IV Mbikije | 1908 | 1915 | Burundi | ||
To Belgium | 1916 | 1962 | Administrated by Belgium for the League of Nations until 1946, then for the United Nations until 1962. | Burundi | |
Mwambutsa IV Bangiricenge Rubangishamiheto | 1915 | 1966 | Burundi | ||
Ntare V Ndizeye | 1966 | 1966 | Burundi | ||
To Republic of Burundi | 1966 | Present | Burundi | ||
Michel Micombero | 1966 | 1976 | Military | Burundi | |
Jean-Baptiste Bagaza | 1976 | 1987 | Military | Burundi | |
Pierre Buyoya | 1987 | 1993 | Military | Burundi | |
Melchior Ndadaye | 07/1993 | 10/1993 | First Tutsi head of state, was assassinated. | Burundi | |
François Ngeze | 1993 | 1993 | Military, only ruled for 6 days. | Burundi | |
Sylvie Kinigi | 1993 | 1994 | Female; acting president. | Burundi | |
Cyprien Ntaryamira | 02/1994 | 04/1994 | Assassinated. | Burundi | |
Sylvestre Ntibantunganya | 1994 | 1996 | Burundi | ||
Pierre Buyoya | r. 1996 | 2003 | Acting president from 1996-1998. | Burundi | |
Domitien Ndayizeye | 2003 | 2005 | Burundi | ||
Pierre Nkurunziza | 2005 | 2020 | Elected 3 times in 2005, 2010, and 2015. Died in office. | Burundi | |
Évariste Ndayishimiye | 2020 | Present | Burundi |
Footnotes |
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